What are the two types of fire detection technology used in smoke alarms?

The correct answer identifies the two primary technologies utilized in smoke alarms: ionization and photoelectric.

Ionization smoke alarms use a small amount of radioactive material to ionize air in a sensing chamber. When smoke enters this chamber, it disrupts the ionization process, triggering the alarm. This type of smoke alarm is generally more responsive to flaming fires, which produce smaller combustion particles.

Photoelectric smoke alarms operate using a light source and a light sensor within a sensing chamber. When smoke enters this chamber, it scatters the light beam; this scattering event is detected by the sensor, activating the alarm. Photoelectric alarms are typically more effective for smoldering fires that produce larger smoke particles.

Understanding the distinction between these two technologies is crucial for selecting the appropriate type of smoke alarm for different environments, ensuring effective early smoke detection and enhancing fire safety.